Note: When applied to any particular department of knowledge, philosophy denotes the general laws or principles under which all the subordinate phenomena or facts relating to that subject are comprehended. Thus philosophy, when applied to God and the divine government, is called theology; when applied to material objects, it is called physics; when it treats of man, it is called anthropology and psychology, with which are connected logic and ethics; when it treats of the necessary conceptions and relations by which philosophy is possible, it is called metaphysics. [1913 Webster]
Note: ``Philosophy has been defined: -- the science of things divine and human, and the causes in which they are contained; -- the science of effects by their causes; -- the science of sufficient reasons; -- the science of things possible, inasmuch as they are possible; -- the science of things evidently deduced from first principles; -- the science of truths sensible and abstract; -- the application of reason to its legitimate objects; -- the science of the relations of all knowledge to the necessary ends of human reason; -- the science of the original form of the ego, or mental self; -- the science of science; -- the science of the absolute; -- the science of the absolute indifference of the ideal and real. --Sir W. Hamilton. [1913 Webster]
2. A particular philosophical system or theory; the hypothesis by which particular phenomena are explained. [1913 Webster]
[Books] of Aristotle and his philosophie. --Chaucer. [1913 Webster]
We shall in vain interpret their words by the notions of our philosophy and the doctrines in our school. --Locke. [1913 Webster]
3. Practical wisdom; calmness of temper and judgment; equanimity; fortitude; stoicism; as, to meet misfortune with philosophy. [1913 Webster]
Then had he spent all his philosophy. --Chaucer. [1913 Webster]
4. Reasoning; argumentation. [1913 Webster]
Of good and evil much they argued then, . . . Vain wisdom all, and false philosophy. --Milton. [1913 Webster]
5. The course of sciences read in the schools. --Johnson. [1913 Webster]
6. A treatise on philosophy. [1913 Webster]
{Philosophy of the Academy}, that of Plato, who taught his disciples in a grove in Athens called the Academy.
{Philosophy of the Garden}, that of Epicurus, who taught in a garden in Athens.
{Philosophy of the Lyceum}, that of Aristotle, the founder of the Peripatetic school, who delivered his lectures in the Lyceum at Athens.
{Philosophy of the Porch}, that of Zeno and the Stoics; -- so called because Zeno of Citium and his successors taught in the porch of the Poicile, a great hall in Athens. [1913 Webster]
to french
philosophy [fil?s?fi?] philosophie
philosophie.idoneos.com
to deutch
philosophy [fil?s?fi?] Philosophie
philosophie.idoneos.com
philosophy (of life) [fil?s?fi??flaif]
Weltanschauung
weltanschauung.idoneos.com
Bible Dictionary
Philosophy
It is the object of the following article to give some account(i.) of that development of thought among the Jews whichanswered to the philosophy of the West; (ii.) of the systematicprogress of Greek philosophy as forming a complete whole; and(iii.) of the contact of Christianity with philosophy. I. THEPHILOSOPHIC DISCIPLINE OF THE JEWS
Philosophy, if we limitthe word strictly to describe the free pursuit of knowledge ofwhich truth is the one complete end is essentially of westerngrowth. In the East the search after wisdom has always beenconnected with practice. The history of the Jews offers noexception to this remark: there is no Jewish philosophy,properly so called. The method of Greece was to proceed fromlife to God; the method of Israel (so to speak) was to proceedfrom God to life. The axioms of one system are the conclusionsof the other. The one led to the successive abandonment of thenoblest domains of science which man had claimed originally ashis own, till it left bare systems of morality; the other, inthe fullness of time, prepared many to welcome the Christ--theTruth. The philosophy of the Jews, using the word in a largesense, is to be sought for rather in the progress of thenational life than in special books. Step by step the idea ofthe family was raised into that of the people; and the kingdomfurnished the basis of those wider promises which included allnations in one kingdom of heaven. The social, the political,the cosmical relations of man were traced out gradually inrelation to God. The philosophy of the Jews is thus essentiallya moral philosophy, resting on a definite connection with God.The doctrines of Creation and Providence, of an infinite divineperson and of a responsible human will, which elsewhere formthe ultimate limits of speculation, are here assumed at theoutset. The Psalms, which, among the other infinite lessonswhich they convey, give a deep insight into the need of apersonal apprehension of truth, everywhere declare the absolutesovereignty of God over the material and the moral world. Oneman among all is distinguished among the Jews as "the wiseman". The description which is given of his writings serves asa commentary on the national view of philosophy (1 kings4:30-33) The lesson of practical duty, the full utterance of "alarge heart," ibid. 29, the careful study of God screatures,--this is the sum of wisdom. Yet in fact the verypractical aim of this philosophy leads to the revelation of themost sublime truth. Wisdom was gradually felt to be a person,throned by God and holding converse with men. (proverbs 8:1)... She was seen to stand in open enmity with "the strangewoman"), who sought to draw them aside by sensuous attractions;and thus a new step was made toward the central doctrine ofChristianity:--the incarnation of the Word. Two books of theBible, Job and Ecclesiastes, of which the latter at any ratebelongs to the period of the close of the kingdom, approachmore nearly than any others to the type of philosophicaldiscussions. But in both the problem is moral and notmetaphysical. The one deals with the evils which afflict "theperfect and upright;" the other with the vanity of all thepursuits and pleasures of earth. The captivity necessarilyexercised a profound influence. The teaching of Persia Jewishthought. The teaching of Persia seems to have been designed tosupply important elements in the education of the chosenpeople. But it did yet more than this. The contact of the Jewswith Persia thus gave rise to a traditional mysticism. Theircontact with Greece was marked by the rise of distinct sects.In the third century B.C. the great Doctor Antigonus of Sochobears a Greek name, and popular belief pointed to him as theteacher of Sadoc and Boethus the supposed founders of Jewishrationalism. At any rate we may date from this time the twofolddivision of Jewish speculation, The Sadducees appear as thesupporters of human freedom in its widest scope; the Phariseesof a religious Stoicism. At a later time the cycle of doctrinewas completed, when by a natural reaction the Essenesestablished as mystic Asceticism. II. THE DEVELOPMENT OF GREEKPHILOSOPHY
The various attempts which have been made toderive western philosophy from eastern sources have signallyfailed. It is true that in some degree the character of Greekspeculation may have been influenced, at least in itsearliest-stages, by religious ideas which were originallyintroduced from the East; but this indirect influence does hotaffect the real originality of the Greek teachers. The veryvalue of Greek teaching lies in the fact that it was, as far asis possible, a result of simple reason, or, if faith assertsifs prerogative, the distinction is sharply marked. Of thevarious classifications of the Greek schools which have beenproposed, the simplest and truest seems to be that whichdivides the history of philosophy into three great periods, thefirst reaching to the era of the Sophists, the next to thedeath of Aristotle, the third to the Christian era. In thefirst period the world objectively is the great centre ofinquiry; in the second, the "ideas" of things, truth, andbeing; in the third, the chief interest of philosophy fallsback upon the practical conduct of life. After the Christianera philosophy ceased to have any true vitality in Greece, butit made fresh efforts to meet the conditions of life atAlexandria and Rome.
The pre-Socratic schools
The first Greek philosophy waslittle more than an attempt to follow out in thought themythic cosmogonies of earlier poets. What is the onepermanent element which underlies the changing forms ofthings?--this was the primary inquiry, to which the Ionicschool endeavored to find an answer. Thales (cir. b.c.639-543) pointed to moisture (water) as the one source andsupporter of life. Anaximenes (cir. b.c. 520-480) substitutedair for wafer. At a much later date (cir. b.c. 460) Diogenesof Apollonia represented this elementary "air" as endowedwith intelligence.
The Socratic schools
In the second period of Greekphilosophy the scene and subject were both changed. Aphilosophy of ideas, using the term in its widest sense,succeeded a philosophy of nature, in three generations Greekspeculation reached its greatest glory in the teaching ofSocrates, Plato and Aristotle. The famous sentence in whichAristotle characterizes the teachings of Socrates(b.c.465-399) places his scientific position in the clearestlight. There are two things, he says, which we may rightlyattribute to Socrates--inductive reasoning and generaldefinition. By the first he endeavored to discover thepermanent element which underlies the changing forms ofappearances and the varieties of opinion; by the second hefixed the truth which he had thus gained. But, besides this,Socrates rendered another service to truth. Ethics occupiedin his investigations the primary place which had hithertobeen held by Physics. The great aim of his induction was toestablish the sovereignty of Virtue. He affirmed theexistence of a universal law of right and wrong. He connectedphilosophy with action, both in detail and in general. On theone side he upheld the supremacy of Conscience, on the otherthe working of Providence.
The post-Socratic schools
after Aristotle, philosophy tooka new direction. Speculation became mainly personal. Epicurus(b.c. 352-270) defined the object of philosophy to be theattainment of a happy life. The pursuit of truth for its ownsake he recognized as superfluous. He rejected dialectics asa useless study, and accepted the senses, in the widestacceptation of the term, as the criterion of truth. But hediffered widely from the Cyrenaics in his view of happiness.The happiness at which the wise man aims is to be found, hesaid, not in momentary gratification, but in life-longpleasure. All things were supposed to come into being bychance, and so pass away. The individual was left master ofown life. While Epicurus asserted in this manner the claimsof one part of man s nature in the conduct of life, Zeno ofCitium (cir. b.c. 280), with equal partiality advocated apurely spiritual (intellectual) morality. Opposition betweenthe two was complete. The infinite, chance-formed worlds ofthe one stand over against the one harmonious world of theother. On the one aide are gods regardless of materialthings, on the other a Being permeating and vivifying allcreation. This difference necessarily found its chiefexpression in Ethics. III. CHRISTIANITY IN CONTACT WITHANCIENT PHILOSOPHY
The only direct trace of the contact ofChristianity with western philosophy in the New Testament isin the account of St. Paul s visit to Athens, (acts 17:18)and there is nothing in the apostolic writings to show thatit exercised any important influence upon the early Church.Comp. (1 corinthians 1:22-24) But it was otherwise witheastern speculation, which penetrated more deeply through themass of the people. The "philosophy" against which theColossians were warned, (colossians 2:8) seems undoubtedly tohave been of eastern origin, containing elements similar tothose which were afterward embodied in various shapes ofGnosticism, as a selfish asceticism, and a superstitionsreverence for angels, (colossians 2:16-23) and in theEpistles to Timothy, addressed to Ephesians, in which citySt. Paul anticipated the rise of false teaching, (acts 20:30)two distinct forms of error may be traced in addition toJudaism, due more or less to the same influence. The writingsof the sub-apostolic age, with the exception of the famousanecdote of Justin Martyr (dial. 2--1), throw little lightupon the relations of Christianity and philosophy. Christianphilosophy may be in one sense a contradiction in terms, forChristianity confessedly derives its first principles fromrevelation, and not from simple reason; but there is no lessa true philosophy of Christianity, which aims to show howcompletely these meet the instincts and aspirations of allages. The exposition of such a philosophy would be the workof a modern Origen.
The Art of War (Christian Audio)
by Sun Tzu
from Mission Audio
It is not too often one can read or listen to a 2600 year-old book and know that it still has relevance and importance today. The Art of War has long been considered not only a military classic, but a classic book in general. Sun Tzus treatise on various aspects and components of wartime strategy is highly recommended for insight into the Eastern mindset and military planning. It also can apply to business, legal and educational situations as well.
The Art of War is the Swiss army knife of military theory--pop out a different tool for any situation. Folded into this small package are compact views on resourcefulness, momentum, cunning, the profit motive, flexibility, integrity, secrecy, speed, positioning, surprise, deception, manipulation, responsibility, and practicality. Thomas Cleary's translation keeps the package tight, with crisp language and short sections. Commentaries from the Chinese tradition trail Sun-tzu's words, elaborating and picking up on puzzling lines. Take the solitary passage: "Do not eat food for their soldiers." Elsewhere, Sun-tzu has told us to plunder the enemy's stores, but now we're not supposed to eat the food? The Tang dynasty commentator Du Mu solves the puzzle nicely, "If the enemy suddenly abandons their food supplies, they should be tested first before eating, lest they be poisoned." Most passages, however, are the pinnacle of succinct clarity: "Lure them in with the prospect of gain, take them by confusion" or "Invincibility is in oneself, vulnerability is in the opponent." Sun-tzu's maxims are widely applicable beyond the military because they speak directly to the exigencies of survival. Your new tools will serve you well, but don't flaunt them. Remember Sun-tzu's advice: "Though effective, appear to be ineffective." --Brian Bruya
The Fall of the Roman Empire: A New History of Rome and the Barbarians
by Peter Heather
from Oxford University Press, USA
The death of the Roman Empire is one of the perennial mysteries of world history. Now, in this groundbreaking book, Peter Heather proposes a stunning new solution: Centuries of imperialism turned the neighbors Rome called barbarians into an enemy capable of dismantling an Empire that had dominated their lives for so long.
A leading authority on the late Roman Empire and on the barbarians, Heather relates the extraordinary story of how Europe's barbarians, transformed by centuries of contact with Rome on every possible level, eventually pulled the empire apart. He shows first how the Huns overturned the existing strategic balance of power on Rome's European frontiers, to force the Goths and others to seek refuge inside the Empire. This prompted two generations of struggle, during which new barbarian coalitions, formed in response to Roman hostility, brought the Roman west to its knees. The Goths first destroyed a Roman army at the battle of Hadrianople in 378, and went on to sack Rome in 410. The Vandals spread devastation in Gaul and Spain, before conquering North Africa, the breadbasket of the Western Empire, in 439. We then meet Attila the Hun, whose reign of terror swept from Constantinople to Paris, but whose death in 453 ironically precipitated a final desperate phase of Roman collapse, culminating in the Vandals' defeat of the massive Byzantine Armada: the west's last chance for survival.
Peter Heather convincingly argues that the Roman Empire was not on the brink of social or moral collapse. What brought it to an end were the barbarians.
Ameritopia: The Unmaking of America
by Mark R. Levin
from Threshold Editions
AN INTELLECTUALLY BRACING NEW VOLUME ON AMERICA’S TRANSFORMATION AND THE CLASH BETWEEN CONSTITUTIONALISM AND UTOPIANISM—FROM THE AUTHOR OF THE #1 NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER LIBERTY & TYRANNY , MARK R. LEVIN
Hailed by Rush Limbaugh as “the most compelling defense of freedom for our time,” and “the necessary book of the Obama era” by The American Spectator, Mark R. Levin’s Liberty and Tyranny made the most persuasive case for conservatism and against statism in a generation. In this most crucial time, this leading conservative thinker explores the psychology, motivations, and history of the utopian movement, its architects, and its modern-day disciples—and how the individual and American society are being devoured by it.
Levin asks, what is this utopian force that both allures a free people and destroys them? Levin digs deep into the past and draws astoundingly relevant parallels to contemporary America from
Plato’s Republic
Thomas More’s Utopia
Thomas Hobbes’s Leviathan
Karl Marx’s Communist Manifesto
. . . as well as from the critical works of John Locke, Charles Montesquieu, Alexis de Tocqueville, and other philosophical pioneers who brilliantly diagnosed the nature of man and government. As Levin meticulously pursues his subject, the reader joins him in an enlightening and compelling journey. And in the end, Levin’s message is clear: the American republic is in great peril. The people must now choose between utopianism or liberty.
President Ronald Reagan warned, “freedom is never more than one generation away from extinction.” Levin agrees, and with Ameritopia, delivers another modern political classic, an indispensable guide for America in our time and in the future.
THE PICTURE OF DORIAN GRAY (Annotated)
by Oscar Wilde
This unique version of also includes the following bonus annotations:
- Biography of the author
- Historical context of the book
- Literary critique
The Picture of Dorian Gray is the only published novel by Oscar Wilde, appearing as the lead story in Lippincott's Monthly Magazine on 20 June 1890, printed as the July 1890 issue of this magazine. Wilde later revised this edition, making several alterations, and adding new chapters; the amended version was published by Ward, Lock, and Company in April 1891. The story is often mistitled The Portrait of Dorian Gray.
The novel tells of a young man named Dorian Gray, the subject of a painting by artist Basil Hallward. Basil is impressed by Dorian's beauty and becomes infatuated with him, believing his beauty is responsible for a new mode in his art. Dorian meets Lord Henry Wotton, a friend of Basil's, and becomes enthralled by Lord Henry's world view. Espousing a new hedonism, Lord Henry suggests the only things worth pursuing in life are beauty and fulfillment of the senses. Realizing that one day his beauty will fade, Dorian expresses his desire to sell his soul to ensure the portrait Basil has painted would age rather than himself. Dorian's wish is fulfilled, plunging him into debauched acts. The portrait serves as a reminder of the effect each act has upon his soul, with each sin displayed as a disfigurement of his form, or through a sign of aging.
The Picture of Dorian Gray is considered a work of classic gothic horror fiction with a strong Faustian theme.
The novel begins with Lord Henry Wotton observing the artist Basil Hallward painting the portrait of a handsome young man named Dorian Gray. Dorian arrives later and meets Wotton. After hearing Lord Henry's world view, Dorian begins to think beauty is the only worthwhile aspect of life, the only thing left to pursue. He wishes that the portrait Basil is painting would grow old in his place. Under the influence of Lord Henry, Dorian begins to explore his senses. He discovers actress Sibyl Vane, who performs Shakespeare in a dingy theatre. Dorian approaches her and soon proposes marriage. Sibyl, who refers to him as "Prince Charming," rushes home to tell her skeptical mother and brother. Her protective brother James tells her that if "Prince Charming" harms her, he will certainly kill him.
Dorian invites Basil and Lord Henry to see Sibyl perform in Romeo and Juliet. Sibyl, whose only knowledge of love was love of theatre, loses her acting abilities through the experience of true love with Dorian. Dorian rejects her, saying her beauty was in her art, and he is no longer interested in her if she can no longer act. When he returns home he notices that his portrait has changed. Dorian realizes his wish has come true – the portrait now bears a subtle sneer and will age with each sin he commits, whilst his own appearance remains unchanged. He decides to reconcile with Sibyl, but Lord Henry arrives in the morning to say Sibyl has killed herself by swallowing prussic acid (hydrogen cyanide). With the persuasion and encouragement of Lord Henry, Dorian realizes that lust and looks are where his life is headed and he needs nothing else. That marks the end of Dorian's last and only true love affair. Over the next 18 years, Dorian experiments with every vice, mostly under the influence of a "poisonous" French novel, a present from Lord Henry. Wilde never reveals the title, but his inspiration was possibly drawn from Joris-Karl Huysmans's À rebours (Against Nature) due to the likenesses that exist between the two novels.
A lush, cautionary tale of a life of vileness and deception or a loving portrait of the aesthetic impulse run rampant? Why not both? After Basil Hallward paints a beautiful, young man's portrait, his subject's frivolous wish that the picture change and he remain the same comes true. Dorian Gray's picture grows aged and corrupt while he continues to appear fresh and innocent. After he kills a young woman, "as surely as if I had cut her little throat with a knife," Dorian Gray is surprised to find no difference in his vision or surroundings. "The roses are not less lovely for all that. The birds sing just as happily in my garden."
As Hallward tries to make sense of his creation, his epigram-happy friend Lord Henry Wotton encourages Dorian in his sensual quest with any number of Wildean paradoxes, including the delightful "When we are happy we are always good, but when we are good we are not always happy." But despite its many languorous pleasures, The Picture of Dorian Gray is an imperfect work. Compared to the two (voyeuristic) older men, Dorian is a bore, and his search for ever new sensations far less fun than the novel's drawing-room discussions. Even more oddly, the moral message of the novel contradicts many of Wilde's supposed aims, not least "no artist has ethical sympathies. An ethical sympathy in an artist is an unpardonable mannerism of style." Nonetheless, the glamour boy gets his just deserts. And Wilde, defending Dorian Gray, had it both ways: "All excess, as well as all renunciation, brings its own punishment."
This unique version of also includes the following bonus annotations:
- Biography of the author
- Historical context of the book
- Literary critique
The Picture of Dorian Gray is the only published novel by Oscar Wilde, appearing as the lead story in Lippincott's Monthly Magazine on 20 June 1890, printed as the July 1890 issue of this magazine. Wilde later revised this edition, making several alterations, and adding new chapters; the amended version was published by Ward, Lock, and Company in April 1891. The story is often mistitled The Portrait of Dorian Gray.
The novel tells of a young man named Dorian Gray, the subject of a painting by artist Basil Hallward. Basil is impressed by Dorian's beauty and becomes infatuated with him, believing his beauty is responsible for a new mode in his art. Dorian meets Lord Henry Wotton, a friend of Basil's, and becomes enthralled by Lord Henry's world view. Espousing a new hedonism, Lord Henry suggests the only things worth pursuing in life are beauty and fulfillment of the senses. Realizing that one day his beauty will fade, Dorian expresses his desire to sell his soul to ensure the portrait Basil has painted would age rather than himself. Dorian's wish is fulfilled, plunging him into debauched acts. The portrait serves as a reminder of the effect each act has upon his soul, with each sin displayed as a disfigurement of his form, or through a sign of aging.
The Picture of Dorian Gray is considered a work of classic gothic horror fiction with a strong Faustian theme.
The novel begins with Lord Henry Wotton observing the artist Basil Hallward painting the portrait of a handsome young man named Dorian Gray. Dorian arrives later and meets Wotton. After hearing Lord Henry's world view, Dorian begins to think beauty is the only worthwhile aspect of life, the only thing left to pursue. He wishes that the portrait Basil is painting would grow old in his place. Under the influence of Lord Henry, Dorian begins to explore his senses. He discovers actress Sibyl Vane, who performs Shakespeare in a dingy theatre. Dorian approaches her and soon proposes marriage. Sibyl, who refers to him as "Prince Charming," rushes home to tell her skeptical mother and brother. Her protective brother James tells her that if "Prince Charming" harms her, he will certainly kill him.
Dorian invites Basil and Lord Henry to see Sibyl perform in Romeo and Juliet. Sibyl, whose only knowledge of love was love of theatre, loses her acting abilities through the experience of true love with Dorian. Dorian rejects her, saying her beauty was in her art, and he is no longer interested in her if she can no longer act. When he returns home he notices that his portrait has changed. Dorian realizes his wish has come true – the portrait now bears a subtle sneer and will age with each sin he commits, whilst his own appearance remains unchanged. He decides to reconcile with Sibyl, but Lord Henry arrives in the morning to say Sibyl has killed herself by swallowing prussic acid (hydrogen cyanide). With the persuasion and encouragement of Lord Henry, Dorian realizes that lust and looks are where his life is headed and he needs nothing else. That marks the end of Dorian's last and only true love affair. Over the next 18 years, Dorian experiments with every vice, mostly under the influence of a "poisonous" French novel, a present from Lord Henry. Wilde never reveals the title, but his inspiration was possibly drawn from Joris-Karl Huysmans's À rebours (Against Nature) due to the likenesses that exist between the two novels.
Thinking, Fast and Slow
by Daniel Kahneman
from Random House Audio
The guru to the gurus at last shares his knowledge with the rest of us. Nobel laureate Daniel Kahneman's seminal studies in behavioral psychology, behavioral economics, and happiness studies have influenced numerous other authors, including Steven Pinker and Malcolm Gladwell. In Thinking, Fast and Slow, Kahneman at last offers his own, first book for the general public. It is a lucid and enlightening summary of his life's work. It will change the way you think about thinking.
Two systems drive the way we think and make choices, Kahneman explains: System One is fast, intuitive, and emotional; System Two is slower, more deliberative, and more logical. Examining how both systems function within the mind, Kahneman exposes the extraordinary capabilities as well as the biases of fast thinking and the pervasive influence of intuitive impressions on our thoughts and our choices. Engaging the reader in a lively conversation about how we think, he shows where we can trust our intuitions and how we can tap into the benefits of slow thinking, contrasting the two-system view of the mind with the standard model of the rational economic agent.
Kahneman's singularly influential work has transformed cognitive psychology and launched the new fields of behavioral economics and happiness studies. In this path-breaking book, Kahneman shows how the mind works, and offers practical and enlightening insights into how choices are made in both our business and personal lives--and how we can guard against the mental glitches that often get us into trouble.
From the Hardcover edition.
Amazon Best Books of the Month, November 2011: Drawing on decades of research in psychology that resulted in a Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences, Daniel Kahneman takes readers on an exploration of what influences thought example by example, sometimes with unlikely word pairs like "vomit and banana." System 1 and System 2, the fast and slow types of thinking, become characters that illustrate the psychology behind things we think we understand but really don't, such as intuition. Kahneman's transparent and careful treatment of his subject has the potential to change how we think, not just about thinking, but about how we live our lives. Thinking, Fast and Slow gives deep--and sometimes frightening--insight about what goes on inside our heads: the psychological basis for reactions, judgments, recognition, choices, conclusions, and much more. --JoVon Sotak
Common Sense (Dover Thrift Editions)
by Thomas Paine
from Dover Publications
"These are the times that try men's souls," begins Thomas Paine's first Crisis paper, the impassioned pamphlet that helped ignite the American Revolution. Published in Philadelphia in January of 1776, Common Sense sold 150,000 copies almost immediately. A powerful piece of propaganda, it attacked the idea of a hereditary monarchy, dismissed the chance for reconciliation with England, and outlined the economic benefits of independence while espousing equality of rights among citizens. Paine fanned a flame that was already burning, but many historians argue that his work unified dissenting voices and persuaded patriots that the American Revolution was not only necessary, but an epochal step in world history.
The Pursuit of God
by A. W. Tozer
from Christian Publications
The Pursuit of God by A.W. Tozer has become a Christian classic. In the introduction, Samuel M. Zwemer writes a brief description of the book: "Here is a masterly study of the inner life by a heart thirsting after God, eager to grasp at least the outskirts of His ways, the abyss of His love for sinners, and the height of His unapproachable majesty--and it was written by a busy pastor in Chicago!"
Sayings of Confucius
A cased edition of a twentieth century translation of the sayings of Confucius, first published in 1994. Sayings look at morality and politics, and paths of human conduct, and reveal an interaction between the master and his disciples.
Lies, Damned Lies, and Science: How to Sort through the Noise Around Global Warming, the Latest Health Claims, and Other Scientific Controversies
by Sherry Seethaler
from FT Press
“Comprehensive, readable, and replete with current, useful examples, this book provides a much-needed explanation of how to be a critical consumer of the scientific claims we encounter in our everyday lives.”
—April Cordero Maskiewicz, Department of Biology, Point Loma Nazarene University
“Seethaler’s book helps the reader look inside the workings of science and gain a deeper understanding of the pathway that is followed by a scientific finding—from its beginnings in a research lab to its appearance on the nightly news.”
—Jim Slotta, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto
“How I wish science was taught this way! Seethaler builds skills for critical thinking and evaluation. The book is rich with examples that not only illustrate her points beautifully, they also make it very interesting and fun to read.”
—Julia R. Brown, Director, Targacept, Inc.
Don’t Get Hoodwinked! Make Sense of Health and Science News...and Make Smarter Decisions!
Every day, there’s a new scientific or health controversy. And every day, it seems as if there’s a new study that contradicts what you heard yesterday. What’s really going on? Who’s telling the truth? Who’s faking it? What do scientists actually know–and what don’t they know? This book will help you cut through the confusion and make sense of it all–even if you’ve never taken a science class! Leading science educator and journalist Dr. Sherry Seethaler reveals how science and health research really work...how to put scientific claims in context and understand the real tradeoffs involved...tell quality research from junk science...discover when someone’s deliberately trying to fool you...and find more information you can trust! Nobody knows what new controversy will erupt tomorrow. But one thing’s for certain: With this book, you’ll know how to figure out the real deal–and make smarter decisions for yourself and your family!
Watch the news, and you’ll be overwhelmed by snippets of badly presented science: information that’s incomplete, confusing, contradictory, out-of-context, wrong, or flat-out dishonest. Defend yourself! Dr. Sherry Seethaler gives you a powerful arsenal of tools for making sense of science. You’ll learn how to think more sensibly about everything from mad cow disease to global warming—and how to make better science-related decisions in both your personal life and as a citizen.
You’ll begin by understanding how science really works and progresses, and why scientists sometimes disagree. Seethaler helps you assess the possible biases of those who make scientific claims in the media, and place scientific issues in appropriate context, so you can intelligently assess tradeoffs. You’ll learn how to determine whether a new study is really meaningful; uncover the difference between cause and coincidence; figure out which statistics mean something, and which don’t.
Seethaler reveals the tricks self-interested players use to mislead and confuse you, and points you to sources of information you can actually rely upon. Her many examples range from genetic engineering of crops to drug treatments for depression...but the techni...
“Comprehensive, readable, and replete with current, useful examples, this book provides a much-needed explanation of how to be a critical consumer of the scientific claims we encounter in our everyday lives.”
—April Cordero Maskiewicz, Department of Biology, Point Loma Nazarene University
“Seethaler’s book helps the reader look inside the workings of science and gain a deeper understanding of the pathway that is followed by a scientific finding—from its beginnings in a research lab to its appearance on the nightly news.”
—Jim Slotta, Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto
“How I wish science was taught this way! Seethaler builds skills for critical thinking and evaluation. The book is rich with examples that not only illustrate her points beautifully, they also make it very interesting and fun to read.”
—Julia R. Brown, Director, Targacept, Inc.
Don’t Get Hoodwinked! Make Sense of Health and Science News...and Make Smarter Decisions!
Every day, there’s a new scientific or health controversy. And every day, it seems as if there’s a new study that contradicts what you heard yesterday. What’s really going on? Who’s telling the truth? Who’s faking it? What do scientists actually know–and what don’t they know? This book will help you cut through the confusion and make sense of it all–even if you’ve never taken a science class! Leading science educator and journalist Dr. Sherry Seethaler reveals how science and health research really work...how to put scientific claims in context and understand the real tradeoffs involved...tell quality research from junk science...discover when someone’s deliberately trying to fool you...and find more information you can trust! Nobody knows what new controversy will erupt tomorrow. But one thing’s for certain: With this book, you’ll know how to figure out the real deal–and make smarter decisions for yourself and your family!
Watch the news, and you’ll be overwhelmed by snippets of badly presented science: information that’s incomplete, confusing, contradictory, out-of-context, wrong, or flat-out dishonest. Defend yourself! Dr. Sherry Seethaler gives you a powerful arsenal of tools for making sense of science. You’ll learn how to think more sensibly about everything from mad cow disease to global warming—and how to make better science-related decisions in both your personal life and as a citizen.
You’ll begin by understanding how science really works and progresses, and why scientists sometimes disagree. Seethaler helps you assess the possible biases of those who make scientific claims in the media, and place scientific issues in appropriate context, so you can intelligently assess tradeoffs. You’ll learn how to determine whether a new study is really meaningful; uncover the difference between cause and coincidence; figure out which statistics mean something, and which don’t.
Seethaler reveals the tricks self-interested players use to mislead and confuse you, and points you to sources of information you can actually rely upon. Her many examples range from genetic engineering of crops to drug treatments for depression...but the techni...
The Communist Manifesto
by Karl Marx
from CreateSpace
The complete The Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, in the 1888 English version edited by Engels himself. One of the most influential political treatises of all time, The Communist Manifesto is essential reading for every student of politics and history.
"A spectre is haunting Europe," Karl Marx and Frederic Engels wrote in 1848, "the spectre of Communism." This new edition of The Communist Manifesto, commemorating the 150th anniversary of its publication, includes an introduction by renowned historian Eric Hobsbawm which reminds us of the document's continued relevance. Marx and Engels's critique of capitalism and its deleterious effect on all aspects of life, from the increasing rift between the classes to the destruction of the nuclear family, has proven remarkably prescient. Their spectre, manifested in the Manifesto's vivid prose, continues to haunt the capitalist world, lingering as a ghostly apparition even after the collapse of those governments which claimed to be enacting its principles.
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spirituality: Religious Studies, Philosophy
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