The choice of a philosophy depends on the kind of man you are. Fitche
The starting point of Fitche will be Kantian philosophy, from which he will try to interpret and correct two central postulates, the possibility of experience and antinomy “causal-freedom necessity”:
The possibility of experience arises as the problem of the relationship between self and things. Dogmatism admits the “thing itself” and makes the cognitive self dependent on it. Idealism, on the contrary, will make things dependent on me. Fitche states that idealism respects the freedom and spontaneity of the “I” in such a way that it makes it possible to explain the experience better. As it does not require the “thing itself”, it aspires to show how the experience is built from the “I”. In experience there is therefore nothing that is given but everything is put by the “I”. This idea is developed by Fitche from the dialectic method:
We must seek the fundamental principle, absolutely first and completely unconditioned, of all human knowledgeFitche
Thesis:
The unconditioned principle of which he speaks is discovered by reflection through the principle of identity: A is A, and consists in that the “I” is not a “thing” but an “act” (the act of putting himself). Indeed, for Fitche, action is essential (tathandlung)
This means that the “I” does not depend on anything, since it is unconditioned and absolute. Then it is postulated as action and absolute freedom. It is an infinite and supraindividual self.
Antithesis:
The principle of contradiction: A is not A, consists in that the “I”, puts in front of itself the “non-I” (the world, or nature).
Synthesis
The “I” and the “non-I” (as limited) is reconciled with the absolute “I”.
In this way, Fitche reconstructs reality from the infinite Self by reconciling contradictions as it includes the individual self in the infinite self. Later, Fitche will approach a more religious position in which the “infinite self” identifies with God, reinterprets the Christian dogma of the trinity and neoplatonism.
But it is the ethical issues that occupied Fitche's attention most. Thus he interprets that the self is freedom and effort that requires the existence of the non-self in order to be realized. The moral dignity of man is centered on such tension.